Debt capital markets (DCM) are a key tool in the armoury of businesses looking to raise money through debt securities such as corporate bonds, but as with everything in the world of corporate and investment banking, the landscape is shifting beneath our feet. 

In 2022, the world’s total DCM issuance was $6.3tn, with the record to date being 2020, which was closer to $9.5tn. 

Not insignificant sums of money, but from where did debt capital markets originate, and in what direction do we expect them to go as we approach the second quarter of the 21st century? 

The history of debt capital markets 

You can go all the way back to 2400 BCE for the first recorded bonds – in existence long before stocks – which originated in modern-day Iraq and were written on clay tablets. 

However, it’s the 17th century where the idea of selling debt truly took off, as the Bank of England, one of the world’s oldest central banks, started issuing government bonds. Indeed, this also marks the birth of Gilt markets, courtesy of these particular certificates coming with gilded edges. 

Debt markets gained further traction in the 1700s, as a new covered bond known as the German Pfandbrief – a dual resource, asset-backed security – came into existence with noble landowners raising money against both their own credit and the value of their estates as a security. 

The next major revolution in the world of debt issuance came in July 1963, when the Autostrade issue for the Italian motorway network brought the first ‘Eurobond’ to the market, meaning that a multinational syndicate composed of financial institutions, for the first time, actively underwrote and distributed a transaction in a major currency – at the time, the US dollar. 

Since the 1960s, we have seen the market develop into a truly global animal. The present-day internal debt capital markets are comprised of bond dealer associations, clearinghouses, and exchanges, to name a few, while we’ve also seen the creation of single currencies and a multitude of investment banks, brokers, dealers and investors.  

Indeed, Santander CIB has a strong presence in many markets, acting as a structurer and underwriter of transactions, distributing paper across the globe and making secondary markets in a variety of subsets of asset classes that exist for Corporate, Financial Institution, Sovereign, Supranational and Agency clients. 

While Santander CIB’s place in the DCM ecosystem is a strong one, it’s never been more crucial to ensure fingers remain on the pulse of cutting-edge developments in the world of debt issuance. 

Have DCMs sufficiently modernised? 

Despite many advances in the trading of bonds in the secondary market over the years – such as the increase in the number of venues, as well as progressive automation – there has been surprisingly modest progress in the way new bond issues are executed, despite the significant technological steps made over the period. 

Right until the mid-90s, orderbooks were collated with pen and paper on trade blotters, and while spreadsheets sped matters up, the process overall was still an overwhelmingly manual one. 

Then along came online, shared order book systems, which brings things to the present day. This system allows salespeople, at all banks or institutions involved within the transaction, to enter orders into new issue order books once deals are announced. 

These systems also have the capability to automatically find and clean duplicate orders, while fixing any inconsistencies that arise, all but avoiding the need for long reconciliation calls, enabling more time to be spent on clients’ needs and less on timely administration. 

Conor Hennebry, global head of Corporate Debt at Santander CIB, comments: “our origination platform has grown considerably over recent years, and this is in part down to the investment in technology and our commitment to digital solutions.”

Santander’s place in the DCM ecosystem 

Santander CIB is committed to playing a key role in the in industry’s ongoing electronification, and accelerating the transition towards a more complete and coherent process, where investors can use their own, in-house order management systems to place orders and receive allocations. 

The deal execution world is complex and requires conjoined efforts from many of the key players in the DCM sphere, including Santander, in order to make the operation more efficient, particularly in relation to any pre- and post-launch processes such as pitching, provision of legal documents and settlements. 

Furthermore, Santander has been at the forefront of using blockchain for issuance, where in 2019 it launched the first end-to-end blockchain bond, worth $20 million. 

At the time, José M Linares, SEVP and Global head of Santander CIB said: “our clients are increasingly demanding the best thinking and technology in how we serve them in their capital-raising efforts. This blockchain-issued bond puts Santander at the forefront of capital markets innovation and demonstrates to clients that we are the best partner to support them on their digital journey.”

John Whelan, Managing Director – Crypto & Digital Assets at Santander CIB says: “the entire securities lifecycle has scope for digitization. At some point we can imagine where all securities will be digital and programmable. At Santander we are pleased to be playing our part with our clients in this extraordinarily complex industry transformation."

“It’s been a long time coming, but I truly believe we are about to experience huge advances in the efficiency of the full lifecycle of bond execution with the help of technology” adds Stuart Montgomerie, Managing Director – global head of Syndicate at Santander CIB. 

“We are passionate about playing our part to make this happen, working closely with our issuer and investor clients to ensure Santander is driving these changes for the benefit of all market participants as well as the global economy.”

Historically seen as a tool primarily for improving working capital, supply chain finance has evolved into a multifaceted solution that addresses numerous critical business needs. Anticipating these needs will be vital to ensure the product continues to support the real economy in the months and years to come.

Supply chain finance (SCF) emerged as a singularly focused solution – its primary role being the lubrication of working capital management between buyers and sellers. Over the years, this finance mechanism has evolved, increasing in scope to address myriad corporate needs, from facilitating operational efficiencies to improving resilience and driving sustainability.

But this shift in scope from single-purpose tool to adaptable product is only the beginning, explains Ángel Bustos, global head of supply chain finance at Santander Corporate and Investment Banking (Santander CIB).

“We’re redefining the notion of our programmes, moving away from the ‘plain vanilla’ concept to a more strategic approach that responds to today’s complex business landscape,” he says.

“In essence, we are transforming SCF into an integrated service that goes far beyond working capital management and empowers clients to react swiftly to challenges and opportunities, manage disruption, and gain flexibility in the face of volatility.”

A tailored solution

Over the last three decades, Santander CIB has successfully delivered tailored SCF solutions to thousands of clients across multiple sectors and geographies. By acting as a conduit for suppliers to access competitive financing, the bank has played a vital role in fostering a more resilient trade ecosystem. However, contributing to more financially robust supply chains is only part of the story.

In recent years, corporates have come under growing pressure to transition to greener operating models, decarbonise their business operations and source more sustainably – and the bank’s SCF offering has adapted to meet these demands.

“We expect to see sustainability components incorporated into half of our entire SCF portfolio in the short term,” says Sergio Bataller, who leads SCF origination at the bank.

By linking financial incentives with sustainability targets, corporates can leverage the product to promote responsible practices along the entire chain, supporting the transition to an economy that is more respectful of people and the planet.

Meanwhile, the current macroeconomic and geopolitical events have pushed corporates to diversify supplier networks and build up buffer stock – driving an increased need for holistic working capital support that can provide financing as early as possible in the cash conversion cycle.

“Corporates now require solutions to multiple issues simultaneously, and it’s incumbent on us to stay in tune with their needs,” says Bustos.

To achieve this, between 2021 and 2023 the bank engaged with almost 200 chief treasury officers across its footprint, asking which of nine key factors concerned them most about their supply chain.

“Their feedback was invaluable, and we are using it to guide the development of new solutions within the bank,” says Bustos. “Notably, we’re seeing changes in the relevance of some issues. We adapt our strategies to align with these changes to ensure we’re always meeting our clients where they are.”

Responding to a changing landscape

The findings from the bank’s research unveil a complex landscape for corporate treasurers worldwide. While mitigating supply chain disruption remains top-of-mind, fewer respondents ranked this as their top concern in 2023 versus 2021.

Meanwhile, ESG considerations have grown in prominence, as have topics such as addressing deep-tier supplier finance.

The survey also revealed a greater emphasis on regional and global supply chain strategies, as treasurers seek to standardise processes across their entire network.

“This is where our ability to offer ‘glocal’ solutions comes to the fore,” says Bustos. “We excel at handling payments in local currencies compared to others, not only because we can provide support to suppliers beyond the top OECD countries but also because our solution transcends working capital management to improve the efficiency of the end-to-end supply chain, from optimised reconciliation to FX solutions for consolidating payments into a single base currency.”

Amid a challenging macroeconomic environment, treasurers are increasingly looking to diversify their funding sources, according to the bank’s research. “We estimate that two in three SCF programmes will include a multibank strategy by 2025,” says Bataller, adding that to meet this need, Santander CIB has invested in the development of a multibank SCF platform with white-label capabilities in order to allow other banks and institutional investors to participate seamlessly as funders.

The disclosure of SCF programmes, ranked as the issue of least importance in 2021, has risen to become a key focus for treasurers. Concurrently, the topic of supplier payment terms has risen from eighth to fourth place from 2021 to 2023. This comes in the wake of accounting standards reforms which aim to make it easier to see when a company is using the tool to pay suppliers – as well as uncover troubled companies misusing the mechanism to extend payment terms well beyond industry standards.

“Regulatory changes and a heightened focus on sustainability are driving companies to be more cautious and mindful of their actions,” says Bustos. “As we see it, disclosure is not just about compliance; it’s about showcasing responsible and sustainable practices, which ultimately benefit the entire supply chain.”

With a global footprint and access to extensive proprietary data, Santander CIB can provide clients with valuable information, including typical payment terms by sector. This allows clients to benchmark their arrangements against their peers, and ensure they’re not deviating from what is considered reasonable.

“We provide clients with insights that are not only relevant but also industry-specific, allowing them to make informed decisions about their payment terms,” says Bustos. “It’s about offering a fact-based approach that empowers corporates to take decisions with confidence.”

The value of expertise in anticipating future needs

As corporates grapple with multiple challenges, the comprehensive solutions Santander CIB provides differentiate it from newer entrants to the supply chain finance space, which often have a narrower focus.

“We’re in a unique position in that we can offer robust and diverse solutions that fintechs may not be able to match,” says Bataller, adding that the bank is witnessing a significant growth in demand for its SCF offerings across multiple industries as a result.

“The fast-moving consumer goods and energy sectors are particularly engaged,” he adds. “This is recognition of the value we bring to the table – providing solutions that are not just efficient, but that also help these industries solve complex challenges in today’s rapidly changing environment.”

But responding to known client needs is just one piece of the puzzle. Discerning and addressing unexpressed requirements is the other, more complex part.

“At Santander, we have always been proactive, often anticipating our clients’ needs before they even articulate them,” says Mencía Bobo, global head of trade and working capital solutions at Santander CIB.

She points to the bank’s integration with SAP’s enterprise resource planning system as an example. The integration allows companies to arrange payables and receivables financing in the same system they make and receive orders, delivering a streamlined end-to-end process that starts with purchase requisition and ends with supplier payments.

“Initially, our clients weren’t aware of the potential benefits of this solution,” says Bobo. “However, when we developed and presented it, the response was overwhelmingly positive. This is a testament to our commitment to innovating and staying ahead of the curve.”

In adapting its offering to the realities faced by corporates, Santander CIB is broadening the potential of SCF, transforming it from a standalone financial tool to a versatile instrument that can foster sustainability, resilience and operational efficiency.

As a result, as new challenges and opportunities continue to present themselves, the bank is empowering its clients to navigate the complexities of the future – no matter what the future holds.

This article was originally published in Global Trade Review

World economy is going through challenging times. Recessions in the past have shown that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can be highly dependent on bank financing, and thus more sensitive to interest rates, compared to larger firms, who have a broader access to capital markets and higher access to credit.

According to insurer Allianz Trade, the macroeconomic turmoil is widening the trade finance gap, which is estimated to worth over $2 trillion for world’s SMEs and could lead to a 21% rise in SME insolvencies in 2023. In the current context, as SMEs anticipate the risk of facing future financing constraints, they will react by holding higher cash reserves and increasing their focus on managing their cashflows. This macroeconomic environment has led to an increased interest in B2B Buy Now Pay Later solutions, already gaining popularity as B2B e-commerce boomed.

These solutions allow for corporates to provide payment terms to SMEs (making them a more attractive seller and increasing sales) whilst mitigating the increased risk (receivables can be immediately purchased by the bank absorbing the corporates’ exposure to its buyers insolvency). BNPL represents a mutually beneficial solution to both seller and buyers.

Sellers using BNPL can benefit from;

• Higher revenues; increased basket size, buyer loyalty and stickiness
• Credit Risk transferred 
• Streamlined order-to-cash process with upfront financing 
• Focus on business growth, while outsourcing time consuming processes such as collection and reconciliation processes 
• Cost often more competitive than credit card charges 
• while benefits to the buyers include; 
• Access to embedded financing (trough extended payment terms with higher acceptance rate)
• Flexible liquidity; faster short-term financing for B2B customers and often at lower cost than traditional financing 
• Enhanced purchase experience with seamless, fully digital check-out experience 

With 360 million users worldwide, BNPL has become one of the fastest growing payment methods over the past two years – the BNPL market value has nearly doubled between 2020 and 2022 and the global B2B e-commerce market is forecast to grow at 17% until 2030. B2B sellers are now more likely to offer e-commerce channels than in-person selling.

According to B2B BNPL platform provider ‘Two’, e-commerce businesses who have implemented the solution have seen conversion rates go up by +20% and  average order values increase by 60-75%.

BNPL integrates into an e-commerce platform, providing an alternative to Credit Card payments. For clients, it is a seamless payment method with a number of benefits over the alternatives. In essence, B2B provides a safe, simplified, and flexible way for merchants to offer trade credit online.

The typical BNPL flow can be summarized in the following steps:

• At checkout, the buyer chooses between different payment methods, such as BNPL or an immediate card payment
• If the buyer chooses BNPL, there is an instantaneous credit check performed 
• If approved, the buyer is granted 30/60/90 days payment terms 
• Simultaneously, the bank purchases the receivable created and makes payment to the seller
• After the agreed time period, the buyer pays back the BNPL provider through e.g., automatic payment, bank transfer or card payment.

Santander CIB is working hard to always remain at the cutting edge of B2B payment solutions and has recently signed a partnership with Allianz Trade and Two to deliver powerful innovations in the market. Allianz Trade is combining its experience in trade credit insurance with fintech Two’s B2B BNPL technology to provide businesses with real-time data, automated trade credit decisions creating a seamless B2Be-commerce experience.

If you want to know more about our Trade & Working Capital solutions, click here.

A paradigm shift has been under way in the Cash Management business for some time now. Where once there was a bilateral relationship between the bank and the client, this is now a multilateral business where third parties participate to improve the overall service experience. In this context, Santander is analysing how to collaborate with new participants.

Before discussing SAP Ready, our solution for navigating this paradigm shift, it is important to describe the baseline situation. As a global bank, it is crucial for us to be at the forefront so as to continue offering a best-in-class service to our customers.

To make this possible and advance on a firm footing on this journey towards ‘invisible banking’, we explored what the market would want to simplify and facilitate their cash business. Here is where SAP Ready was born. SAP is the most widely used ERP among corporate clients, and it is the perfect partner to co-create distinctive solutions and make ‘invisible banking’ tangible.

Our alliance with SAP seeks to accelerate the digitalization of Global Transaction Banking services for our clients while helping them navigate supply chain disruptions and accelerate their decarbonization endeavours. SAP Ready’s ambition is to embed Santander Cash Management solutions, both global and local, within the client’s core system, enabling them to transact directly inside their own SAP ERP. It is important to highlight that SAP Ready is not only about Cash Management — it also covers the full scope of GTB solutions to enhance cash flow and lend efficiency to our clients’ supply chain using the most innovative solutions.

Jose Luis Calderon, head of Global Transaction Banking (GTB) at Santander CIB, said: “This partnership is a step forward in the digitalization of the solutions we provide to our clients, with a strong focus on connectivity, supply chain management and the energy transition. We already have a strong transactional banking solutions portfolio in Europe, America and Asia that helps our clients navigate the complexity of doing business globally. This value proposition comes from the combination of understanding their needs and their daily challenges while leveraging the latest technology that SAP can deliver and the depth and breadth of our product offering.”

In the Cash Management area, our vision is focused on three main pillars:

• Connectivity: As we have announced on previous occasions, we continue working on the SAP Multi-Bank Connectivity (MBC) solution. This service connects banks and financial institutions to corporates across Santander’s footprint in a plug&play mode to resolve many issues that corporate treasurers face in their day-to-day operations by embedding banking services within corporates’ ERP systems.
• Interoperability: We seek to offer cutting-edge technology in order to simplify and accelerate integration with our clients without requiring additional SAP installations. In this regard, Santander has been working on several initiatives to facilitate and accelerate our clients’ go-to-market processes and to boost their customer data extraction and transformation.
• Evolution: This partnership is up and running, and the pace of initiatives to facilitate our clients’ operations will accelerate in the near future.

While the potential upsides of these projects for corporates are clear, the ability to quickly switch the banking provider could be seen as a threat, as it was thought in the past that a cumbersome process created ‘stickiness’, i.e., that customers would remain with their incumbent banking relationship because changing was too problematic.

However, this old-school mindset has changed over the past 18-24 months, fostered by the advent of cloud and application programming interfaces, as well as the rise of platform business models. Corporate banks now want to make it as simple as possible for customers to use their banking services by taking advantage of embedded finance solutions. For that reason, Santander is approaching not just ERPs but also TMSs and Bank Connectivity Providers, as their rise exemplifies corporates’ need for quick and easy-to-use solutions.

Trending topics such as Cryptocurrencies, Stablecoins, DLT, Blockchain or CBDCs are part of many conversations in our daily life. Exciting times in banking may be coming since new shapes of money mean new ways of payments.  

Undoubtedly, banking industry must realize all these technological disruptions which may impact our client business in the upcoming years.

The core of these discussions within the industry lies on whether the new types of Digital Money would be valid means of payments. Santander Global Cash Management is no stranger to this subject.
 
Therefore the starting point is to understand the different sorts of Digital Money, what their attributes and specificities are and whether they could be suitable for transactional purposes. In a previous blog on stablecoins and CBDCs, we presented some of the varieties of digital currencies but there is more to know about these. In general terms, the industry sees it as a five-player game:

• Commercial Bank Money: Nowadays worldwide predominant payment method, is the money that everyone has on their bank accounts. Although challenged and questioned, the industry is moving forward to deliver a much more efficient and seamless payment user experience (ISO20022 migration, instant payment schemes, APIs). 

• E-money: Electronic Money is a type of digital money stored in -Money Institutions (EMIs)/Payment Institions (PIs) electronic wallets. While the industry hype is on Crypto and Stablecoins, e-money is increasing its popularity and user base (Mercado Pago, Mpesa, WeChat, Paypal). If the Closed loop nature of the solution brings instant settlement among parts and outstanding user experience, the reachability is exclusively bounded to the e-money network.

• Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC): CBDCs are a digital form of central bank money, just as banknotes and coins issued by Central Banks but digital. Most central banks are exploring their potential benefits and risks as well as the value-added for the payment systems. CBDCs might have a major case in developing economies where financial inclusion is still fairly low (e.g. e-yuan, Sand Dollar, or e-Naira). Meanwhile, in developed economies there is no clear answer yet to the question “Are there proven benefits for a CBDC?”. At the same time concerns have been raised on how CBDCs could impact financial stability, new infrastructure costs for the whole industry, anti-money laundering plus privacy implications, and cross-border spillovers.

• Cryptocurrency: Digital asset that uses cryptography to secure transactions exchanged on a P2P network. Programmability, proven DLT network security, and disintermediation are key advantages delivered by cryptos. However, due to the ongoing turbulences in the global economy, the lack of regulation, and the increased volatility, cryptos are currently being seen more as intangible investment asset than a mean of payment. (Bitcoin, Ethereum…)

• Stablecoins: Digital asset that seeks to deliver the benefits of cryptocurrencies while trying to remove their volatility. Some stablecoin (e.g. USDC) look a lot like a programmable form of e-money, combining the benefits of that ecosystem with the open source nature of DLT, leading the relatively new phenomenon of "decentralized finance" aka defi.

However, stablecoins have been making a lot of buzz recently showcasing the inherited risks these assets have.

Both risk and volatility shown by cryptos and stablecoins could be mitigated by regulation. In this regard, MiCA regulation in the EU is being created to provide a uniform legal framework for crypto-assets and similar efforts are under way in the US or UK.

Santander participates in several initiatives towards trying to analyze potential use cases where these new elements might be beneficial:

• Fnality: Santander is a founder of the banking consortium to create a payment solution based on distributed ledger technology (DLT) and blockchain technology. It was created to facilitate peer to peer tokenized transactions backed by money held in a central bank account.

• CBDCs: Santander is actively participating in the ECB consultation process and other initiatives launched by the central banks in those geographies where we are present, exploring potential use cases, benefits or technologies in which the potential CBCD would rely on.

• Agrotoken: is the first global experience, launched in Santander Argentina, collateralizing loans with tokens based on agro-commodities such as soya beans, corn and wheat. The solution allows farmers to access new financing solutions extending credit capacity with tokenized assets.

“The Santander Cash management team is closely monitoring these new trends and initiatives to understand where the transactional processes could be impacted. More and more clients are seeking for comfort advice and solutions that ensure trust, reachability and interoperability and this can only be achieve through “Global Industry initiatives” (Fnality, RLN). Stéphanie Rodriguez Aniorté | Global Head of Payments Santander CIB

Technology disruption is changing the payment´s landscape… but the “final products” are yet to be revealed.

Over the last few decades, cybersecurity has evolved into one of the most critical functions globally, on both a corporate and governmental level. That’s no different at Santander CIB, where the cybersecurity team is headed up by David Sheridan, who has been at Santander for over 22 years and has overseen a huge amount of change. We sat down with him to explore how the world of cybersecurity has changed during his tenure, and what his team’s role at the bank is.

David explains that the function of cybersecurity at an industry level has evolved significantly  “Information security had largely been an IT function since the beginning of the interconnected age”, he says, “covering things like network security and systems access, it was very much a technical discipline within IT. Now, as people become more aware of the risks to businesses and clients from cyber threats and those threats become more sophisticated, it’s now treated as a discipline of its own”. 

Cybersecurity has come a long way in recent years. When the technology and platforms most companies use were originally built, they never imagined that the internet age meant the security of a product could change over time. In practical terms, that means that cybersecurity teams work with systems, which naturally overtime have vulnerabilities that have to be addressed. 

Our cybersecurity team plays a critical role within the bank, and their extensive remit covers both internal systems, and also working with suppliers and clients in an advisory capacity. 

Within the bank, the focus is on protecting, detecting and managing  before they arise. Ultimately, David explains, “this is a broader resilience piece. A lot of my team’s time is spent ascertaining whether we have the right controls to protect against  ransomware, testing systems for security or working with staff to understand the behaviors needed to protect against cyber threats. 

The work we do on staff training and awareness, and in ‘security by design’ in any new product or system we implement, is ultimately designed to defend what David describes as “the hyperconnected bank of the future” and implementing controls that ensure people can only access the information they need to do their jobs. 

Another area of focus is on supply chain risk. We therefore work closely with all our suppliers to ensure they are equally well protected and that they meet our security standards. “This all feeds into our client relationships as well”, David explained. As a business, it’s essential that we are secure right the way through our supply chain, to make sure in turn that our clients data and assets are protected. Ultimately, the job of the cyber security team when it comes to clients and customers is to generate trust between us, and value for them from our services. 
 

A stablecoin is a class of digital currency that attempts to offer price stability while offering an additional level of security from being backed by a reserve asset such as a pre-existing currency (e.g. USD) or gold, for example. Designed to dramatically reduce volatility in relation to cryptocurrencies (e.g. Bitcoin or Ethereum), this results in a form of digital money that is better suited to modern business and day-to-day transactions and transfers than other cryptocurrencies. 

Indeed, such a combination of traditional-asset stability with digital-asset flexibility has proven to be increasingly popular from investors to businesses alike. The Central Bank digital currency (CBDC) was introduced as the traditional market's answer to the stablecoin phenomena from the cryptocurrency world. A CBDC has credit quality of the central bank which can achieve settlement finality for financial contracts. This can also be achieved by other peer-to-peer services in the marketplace, like Fnality, a new wholesale digital cash payments system to settle tokenized transactions with settlement finality. This particular example has the added benefit of its infrastructure being on DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology) enabling faster implementation and meaning that it can interoperate with other DLT systems. It is anticipated that many digital currencies are likely to be built on DLT systems, with blockchains being the most well-known example of this type of technology. However, there are other technology platforms that central banks can consider. 

The use of hybrid information architecture is also being developed on a global scale from Europe to China. As such, digital currency projects have accelerated in the last four years and will only continue to build momentum. Regulators from the traditional banking sector still have a role to play however and are continuing to explore the different questions related to the digital asset processes. The control of Central Banks over CBDC’s is not dissimilar to physical currency, but there are also risks.  Decentralized finance could be a big change for governments, therefore central banks and governments need to work together to make regulated digital finance work globally. 

John Whelan, MD Digital Assets, Santander CIB said: ‘At Santander CIB we are seeing an increasing interest from our clients in the benefits of stablecoins, blockchain and other digital assets and we are proud to be at the forefront of this innovation in capital markets. We are closely watching both the development of CBDCs and privately issued stablecoins and we expect that they will coexist. We believe that Central Banks and other reguators should work together to ensure that prudent regulations are implemented in order to minimize risk and maximize the opportunities”.  

It is becoming increasingly clear that there is the potential for CBDC’s and stablecoins to enhance both wholesale and retail banking. With greater efficiency, increased automation coupled with a variety of DLT and blockchain platforms with unique capabilities, big changes in the plumbinging of the financial markets are anticipated.

In digital securities markets, CBDCs have been demonstrated to work well, and have the advantages of bringing a reduction in settlement risk and the ability to bring atomic settlement to the delivery-vs-payment (DvP) process. This is a good model for the wholesale market that needs to operate on the basis of Central Bank money with no credit risk on the CBDC itself. Through increased automation using DLT, a CBDC system can also avoid settlement risk and trading risks and has the potential to dramatically change Euromarkets. 

For retail banking the frequency of transactions is much higher and regulators need to consider any risks around the stability of the economy, including limits on how much digital currency can be issued to any single individual and whether the two-step currency-distribution model (Central Bank to commercial bank to retail user) should be maintained.

Both the wholesale and retail banking sectors have unique needs and as such it is more likely that Central Banks will take a technology agnostic, public/private partnership approach to making the first digital cash available.

There is still more to expect in the development of CBDCs, Stablecoins and blockchain, but the uptake is positive. In April 2021, Santander CIB collaborated with the EIB in launching the first EUR 100m 2-year bond, placed with key market investors, in the market’s first multi‑dealer led, primary issuance of digitally native security tokens using public blockchain technology (i.e. the public Ethereum network). Like the EIB’s role in green bonds or risk free rates, this new digital bond issuance aims to pave the way for other market players to turn to blockchain technology for the issuance of financial securities. Meanwhile in El Salvador, Bitcoin has been recognised as legal tender in a bid to tackle the economic problem for citizens sending money home from abroad, which accounts for up to a fifth of the country’s GDP (more here). To make these transfers, people must pay high transaction costs, meanwhile 70 percent of people are unbanked. At Santander CIB, our blockchain and digital assets experts are exploring the uses of the latest technology, its implementation and regulation, and will continue to push to be at the forefront of capital markets innovation.
 

Corporations in 2021 are looking for ways to use new technologies to improve efficiency and streamline their transactions and treasury processes. Digitalisation will play a huge part in this, as companies refresh their focus on cash management and capital flows as a response to global economic pressures, and search for bespoke 360 solutions. 

In this blog we explore some of the factors that are a part of this, and look at the solutions that Santander Corporate & Investment Banking can offer in this space. 

At Santander CIB, we recognize digitalisation as a major driver of change in the world of finance right now. With hybrid and remote working now the standard, many corporations are searching for a modern accounting solution that unifies all of a company’s systems and data into a single source and offers automation of repetitive and time intensive tasks. When it comes to managing the regulatory and documentation requirements for businesses operating internationally and in multiple markets, a centralised model that can function on a macro-level is truly valuable to treasurers.  

Additionally, the provision and integration of real-time information and analysis is now expected to form a part of these solutions. With the lasting impact of the pandemic and global financial uncertainty set to remain for some time to come, intelligent automation will be central to forecasting and cash flow optimisation.

Underpinning these needs are the questions of cost, and security. Traditionally high costs associated with activities such as processing paper cheques are being superseded by technologies such as Echeqs, while digital innovations such as electronic signature and blockchain are safeguarding against security risks in a relatively cost effective manner. These technologies are seen as cutting edge now, but we can expect them to become standard services in the coming years. 

At Santander Corporate & Investment Banking, we pride ourselves on our market-leading cash management services, such as our enhanced Santander Cash Nexus Transactional HUB. This comprehensive and centralised, end-to-end solution has been designed to optimise liquidity and cash flows through a smart, centralised channel that can handle all of your needs across a range of countries. 

José Luis Calderón, Head of Global Transaction Banking, Santander, commented, “Recognizing that changing the payment platform is changing the heart of the bank, Cash Nexus has allowed Santander to bring the heartbeat and finish line of the future into today’s reality”.

Our enhanced Cash Nexus has been shown to reduce average client implementation time, transaction processing and connectivity by about 70% and increase transaction performance capabilities by an impressive 75%. Our extensive, worldwide retail banking network drives the Cash Nexus platform’s local capabilities across the world and is self-sufficient in implementing new countries in 65% less time. 

Laureano Rubín de Celis, Global Head of Santander Cash Nexus Hub, remarked, “Our customers needed a consistent global platform isolated from so many different region regimes. We are committed to transforming Cash Nexus into a state-of-the-art backbone which gives us the flexibility to face the challenges that lay ahead”.

Santander’s track record of delivering customised technology solutions to streamline corporate operations means that implementation is flexible and designed to integrate with a range of systems, providing a single global entry point while complying with international standards and offering best in class security technologies. 

Carlos Denche, Global IT Head for Global Transaction Banking, Santander, added, “Comparing the capabilities of new system with old one, the new system is much more flexible for operations to configure and operate, providing greater opportunity to run services in a way that accommodates how payments are evolving, readiness of further API connectivity, development of new payment tools, and more aggressive KPIs.”

The whole system is built to optimise your company's cost savings, return and cash flows and offer you complete control over your business worldwide so that you can focus on maximising your earnings.

Digitalisation in corporate banking is in full swing, a change that has been hugely accelerated by the challenges of the pandemic. Now more than ever, banks are innovating heavily to create more effective and efficient offerings. At Santander CIB, we are in the fortunate position in this. Digitalisation has been a cornerstone of our policies for the future for several years, with our wealth of experience and cutting edge solutions enabling us to meet demand, and introduce new solutions to our clients in a rapid, dynamic way. 

Efficiency, security and digital currencies are some of the key trends that are driving digitalisation in corporate banking, and Santander CIB is committed to leading the market response to these trends. We have teams dedicated to identifying trends and future sources of demand, and to producing innovative, market-leading digital solutions that are tailored to the demands of our customers and clients such as our AI advisory engine designed to support investment professionals, Kairos, or the Santander Cash Nexus which provides integrated transaction services for corporate treasurers. 

Efficiency & Speed

Driving much of the global push towards digitalisation is the desire for efficiency. Corporate customers are looking for solutions that fit into their existing processes and systems easily, while still driving efficiency. Onboarding processes for new customers will need to be streamlined, and choice of service provider may come down to ease of use. As corporates look for real-time monitoring of cash flows, optimisation of working capital and the flexibility to respond to rapid changes in the macro landscape, smart and efficient solutions will be vital. 

One example of this is Echeq, a new digital payment system Santander CIB has implemented in Argentina to simplify the issuance, endorsement, deposit and circulation of digital payments. In 2020, the Central Bank defined that all customers should be able to operate digital payments through online platforms.

Security

Linked to this is a second trend, one of security. With the volume of digital transactions increasing there is more scope for security breaches, as well as regulatory challenges. This must be balanced against the desire for convenience, and banks must be intelligent about walking this line, and find a way to combine these in a single-source solution. 

Financial technologies such as facial recognition, automation and digital checks such as Santander’s Echeq are making it easier to share and authenticate information securely. Many banks already use AI or Machine Learning to prevent and detect security issues. 

Digital Currencies & Crypto 

A recent BIS survey suggests that 60% of central banks are considering Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), and 14% are actively conducting pilot tests. Governments are developing payments infrastructure as part of industrial policy to control money flows and own digital and data platforms, and are beginning to strongly consider cryptocurrency as part of these strategies. In a recent Santander CIB Talks session, our head of Digital Assets John Whelan spoke about how digital securities, digital cash and crypto-currencies will form a meaningful part of the financial industry in the future, and the importance of getting there in a risk-minimised and controlled manner. Notably, banks must think laterally about which asset classes can be digitised, and should listen to their clients’ ideas in this space to meet their demand. 

Financial service providers must therefore be ready to work with digital currencies and offer crypto-led services, as well as ensuring they have the infrastructure to manage them efficiently and securely. Solutions like blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT) can offer new opportunities, from financial transactions to automated contractual agreements. This year, Santander worked on the issuance of the EIB’s first public blockchain digital bond, worth €100m, another example of how evolving technologies are infiltrating corporate banking.

You can read more about Santander’s pioneering work in the implementation of blockchain in its services to improve customer service and efficiency, here.